{"schemaVersion":3,"id":"CVE-2012-10021","aliases":[],"status":"published","duplicateOf":null,"title":null,"description":"A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in D-Link DIR-605L Wireless N300 Cloud Router firmware versions 1.12 and 1.13 via the getAuthCode() function. The flaw arises from unsafe usage of sprintf() when processing user-supplied CAPTCHA data via the FILECODE parameter in /goform/formLogin. A remote unauthenticated attacker can exploit this to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the device.","dates":{"published":"2025-07-31T14:54:19.755Z","modified":"2026-05-14T02:06:05.524Z","reserved":null,"kevAdded":[],"kevDue":[]},"cvss":{"headline":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","computed":false,"selection":"backend-summary"},"metrics":[{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","score":9.3,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"NVD","score":9.3,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","score":9.8,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false}]},"epss":{"probability":0.04443,"percentile":0.91311,"severity":"low","asOf":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","change":{"pp":0.03199999999999939,"baselineDate":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","baselineScore":0.04411},"history":[{"date":"2026-09-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.03086,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":0.91311}],"last30":[{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04411,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.04443,"percentile":0.91311}]},"kev":{"state":"not-listed","entries":[],"listedCount":0,"totalCatalogs":3,"catalogs":[{"source":"cisa","label":"CISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"enisa","label":"ENISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"circl","label":"CIRCL","listed":false,"entry":null}]},"ransomware":{"state":"none-recorded","sources":[]},"exploits":[{"id":"29127","name":"D-Link DIR-605L - Captcha Handling Buffer Overflow (Metasploit)","source":"exploit-database","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/29127","maturity":"poc","reliabilityScore":0.5,"verified":false,"type":"remote","platforms":["hardware"],"requiresAuth":null,"exploitdb":{"verified":false,"type":"remote","platform":"hardware","file":"exploits/hardware/remote/29127.rb","codes":["OSVDB-86824"]},"metasploit":null},{"id":"REF_50F2F4F080572D5B","name":"Exploit Reference (raw.githubusercontent.com)","source":"reference","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/dlink_dir605l_captcha_bof.rb","maturity":"unknown","reliabilityScore":0.2,"verified":false,"type":null,"platforms":[],"requiresAuth":null,"exploitdb":null,"metasploit":null},{"id":"REF_8A67293625CFAF7D","name":"Exploit Reference (web.archive.org)","source":"reference","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20121012062554/http://www.devttys0.com/2012/10/exploiting-a-mips-stack-overflow/","maturity":"unknown","reliabilityScore":0.2,"verified":false,"type":null,"platforms":[],"requiresAuth":null,"exploitdb":null,"metasploit":null},{"id":"MSF_EXPLOIT_LINUX_HTTP_DLINK_DIR605L_CAPTCHA_BOF","name":"D-Link DIR-605L Captcha Handling Buffer Overflow","source":"metasploit","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploit/linux/http/dlink_dir605l_captcha_bof.rb","maturity":"poc","reliabilityScore":0,"verified":false,"type":"remote","platforms":[],"requiresAuth":false,"exploitdb":null,"metasploit":{"fullname":"exploit/linux/http/dlink_dir605l_captcha_bof","rank":"0","rankName":"manual","postAuth":false,"check":true,"stability":["unknown-stability"],"sideEffects":["unknown-side-effects"],"reliability":["unknown-reliability"]}}],"exploitCount":4,"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-121","name":"Stack-based Buffer Overflow","description":"A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).","type":"weakness","status":"Draft","abstraction":"Variant","likelihoodOfExploit":"High","url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/121.html"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"d-link","product":"dir-605l_firmware","name":"dir-605l firmware","label":"dir-605l_firmware","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"o","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 1.12, ≤ 1.13","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 1.12, ≤ 1.13","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/d-link/dir-605l"},{"vendor":"dlink","product":"dir-605l_firmware","name":"dir-605l firmware","label":"dir-605l_firmware","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"o","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 1.12, ≤ 1.13","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 1.12, ≤ 1.13","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/dlink/dir-605l"}],"affectedCount":2,"eol":{"hasEol":false,"count":0},"references":[{"url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/dlink_dir605l_captcha_bof.rb","label":"raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/…","hostname":"raw.githubusercontent.com","tags":["Exploit"]},{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20121012062554/http://www.devttys0.com/2012/10/exploiting-a-mips-stack-overflow/","label":"web.archive.org/web/20121012062554/http://www.devttys0.com/2012/10/exploiting-a-mips-stack-overflow/","hostname":"web.archive.org","tags":["Technical Description","Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/29127","label":"www.exploit-db.com/exploits/29127","hostname":"www.exploit-db.com","tags":["Exploit"]},{"url":"https://forums.dlink.com/index.php?topic=51923.0","label":"forums.dlink.com/index.php?topic=51923.0","hostname":"forums.dlink.com","tags":["Issue Tracking"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dlink-dir605l-captcha-handling-stack-based-buffer-overflow","label":"www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dlink-dir605l-captcha-handling-stack-based-buffer-overflow","hostname":"www.vulncheck.com","tags":["Third Party Advisory"]}],"lineage":{"upstream":[],"downstream":[],"duplicates":[],"related":[]},"timeline":[{"kind":"published","date":"2025-07-31T14:54:19.755Z","label":"Published","detail":"Vulnerability first disclosed.","source":null},{"kind":"modified","date":"2026-05-14T02:06:05.524Z","label":"Last modified","detail":"Vulnerability information updated.","source":null}],"risk":{"score":70,"level":"high","profile":"Default","thresholds":{"critical":75,"high":50,"medium":25,"low":10}},"meta":{"dataAsOf":"2026-10-20T20:46:43.231Z","stale":false,"partial":false}}