{"schemaVersion":3,"id":"CVE-2025-11840","aliases":["UBUNTU-CVE-2025-11840","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-11840","CGA-7hrx-fpr7-mvvm","CGA-97xm-7h7c-78v4","CGA-f8vg-m2fx-x952","CGA-fqr2-68mp-57xv","CGA-jf5m-75xr-43r3","CGA-m4q8-h8wp-wmp9","CGA-rp34-cmfq-3h4x","CGA-v857-994m-h84m"],"status":"published","duplicateOf":null,"title":null,"description":"A weakness has been identified in GNU Binutils 2.45. The affected element is the function vfinfo of the file ldmisc.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This patch is called 16357. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.","dates":{"published":"2025-10-16T15:32:11.651Z","modified":"2026-10-15T01:02:36.901Z","reserved":null,"kevAdded":[],"kevDue":[]},"cvss":{"headline":{"score":5.5,"severity":"medium","version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","computed":false,"selection":"backend-summary"},"metrics":[{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","score":4.8,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"CVE.org","score":3.3,"severity":"low","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.0","versionLabel":"v3.0","source":"CVE.org","score":3.3,"severity":"low","vector":"CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"2.0","versionLabel":"v2.0","source":"CVE.org","score":1.7,"severity":"low","vector":"AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:P/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"OSV · Ubuntu","score":4.8,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Ubuntu","score":5.5,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","exploitability":4.6,"impact":6,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Debian","score":5.5,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","exploitability":4.6,"impact":6,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"OSV · Wolfi","score":4.8,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"OSV · Chainguard","score":4.8,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"NVD","score":1.9,"severity":"low","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","score":5.5,"severity":"medium","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"2.0","versionLabel":"v2.0","source":"NVD","score":1.7,"severity":"low","vector":"AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:P","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false}]},"epss":{"probability":0.00276,"percentile":0.18808,"severity":"low","asOf":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","change":{"pp":-0.0020000000000000052,"baselineDate":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","baselineScore":0.00278},"history":[{"date":"2026-09-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00256,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00256,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":0.18808}],"last30":[{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00278,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00276,"percentile":0.18808}]},"kev":{"state":"not-listed","entries":[],"listedCount":0,"totalCatalogs":3,"catalogs":[{"source":"cisa","label":"CISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"enisa","label":"ENISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"circl","label":"CIRCL","listed":false,"entry":null}]},"ransomware":{"state":"none-recorded","sources":[]},"exploits":[{"id":"REF_592E8B7833C3B2B6","name":"Exploit Reference (sourceware.org)","source":"reference","url":"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16351","maturity":"unknown","reliabilityScore":0.2,"verified":false,"type":null,"platforms":[],"requiresAuth":null,"exploitdb":null,"metasploit":null},{"id":"REF_8853A15447CC59B5","name":"Exploit Reference (sourceware.org)","source":"reference","url":"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33455","maturity":"unknown","reliabilityScore":0.2,"verified":false,"type":null,"platforms":[],"requiresAuth":null,"exploitdb":null,"metasploit":null}],"exploitCount":2,"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-125","name":"Out-of-bounds Read","description":"The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.","type":"weakness","status":"Draft","abstraction":"Base","likelihoodOfExploit":null,"url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/125.html"},{"id":"CWE-119","name":"Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer","description":"The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.","type":"weakness","status":"Stable","abstraction":"Class","likelihoodOfExploit":"High","url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/119.html"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"binutils","name":"binutils","label":"binutils","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/binutils","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r0 | < 2.45.1-r1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"binutils-dev","name":"binutils-dev","label":"binutils-dev","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/binutils-dev","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"binutils-doc","name":"binutils-doc","label":"binutils-doc","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/binutils-doc","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1 | < 2.45.1-r0","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"binutils-gold","name":"binutils-gold","label":"binutils-gold","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/binutils-gold","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1 | < 2.45.1-r0","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"wolfi","product":"binutils","name":"binutils","label":"binutils","ecosystem":"Wolfi","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/wolfi/binutils","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r0 | < 2.45.1-r1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"wolfi","product":"binutils-dev","name":"binutils-dev","label":"binutils-dev","ecosystem":"Wolfi","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/wolfi/binutils-dev","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"wolfi","product":"binutils-doc","name":"binutils-doc","label":"binutils-doc","ecosystem":"Wolfi","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/wolfi/binutils-doc","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1 | < 2.45.1-r0","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"wolfi","product":"binutils-gold","name":"binutils-gold","label":"binutils-gold","ecosystem":"Wolfi","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/wolfi/binutils-gold","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.45.1-r1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45.1-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.45.1-r1 | < 2.45.1-r0","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"debian","product":"binutils","name":"binutils","label":"binutils","ecosystem":"Debian","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:deb/debian/binutils","purlType":"deb","versions":[{"text":"All versions","noFixRecorded":true,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.46-1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"All versions (No fix recorded) | < 2.46-1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"ubuntu","product":"binutils","name":"binutils","label":"binutils","ecosystem":"Ubuntu","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/binutils","purlType":"deb","versions":[{"text":"< 2.24-5ubuntu14.2+esm7","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.26.1-1ubuntu1~16.04.8+esm13","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.30-21ubuntu1~18.04.9+esm5","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.34-6ubuntu1.11+esm1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.38-4ubuntu2.11","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.42-4ubuntu2.7","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 2.45-7ubuntu1.1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.24-5ubuntu14.2+esm7 | < 2.26.1-1ubuntu1~16.04.8+esm13 | < 2.30-21ubuntu1~18.04.9+esm5 | < 2.34-6ubuntu1.11+esm1 | < 2.38-4ubuntu2.11 | < 2.42-4ubuntu2.7 | < 2.45-7ubuntu1.1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"gnu","product":"binutils","name":"binutils","label":"binutils","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"2.45","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"2.45","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/gnu/binutils"}],"affectedCount":11,"eol":{"hasEol":false,"count":0},"references":[{"url":"https://vuldb.com/?id.328775","label":"vuldb.com?id.328775","hostname":"vuldb.com","tags":["VDB Entry","Technical Description","REPORT","Advisory","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.328775","label":"vuldb.com?ctiid.328775","hostname":"vuldb.com","tags":["Signature","Permissions Required","REPORT","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://vuldb.com/?submit.661281","label":"vuldb.com?submit.661281","hostname":"vuldb.com","tags":["Third Party Advisory","REPORT","Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33455","label":"sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33455","hostname":"sourceware.org","tags":["Issue Tracking","REPORT","Exploit"]},{"url":"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16351","label":"sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16351","hostname":"sourceware.org","tags":["Exploit","REPORT","EVIDENCE"]},{"url":"https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16357","label":"sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16357","hostname":"sourceware.org","tags":["Patch","REPORT","FIX","Not Applicable"]},{"url":"https://www.gnu.org/","label":"www.gnu.org","hostname":"www.gnu.org","tags":["Product","REPORT","WEB"]},{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html","label":"cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html","hostname":"cert-portal.siemens.com","tags":["WEB"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-11840","label":"ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-11840","hostname":"ubuntu.com","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11840","label":"www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-11840","hostname":"www.cve.org","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7899-1","label":"ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7899-1","hostname":"ubuntu.com","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-11840","label":"security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-11840","hostname":"security-tracker.debian.org","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/11xxx/CVE-2025-11840.json","label":"github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/11xxx/CVE-2025-11840.json","hostname":"github.com","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11840","label":"nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11840","hostname":"nvd.nist.gov","tags":["Advisory"]}],"lineage":{"upstream":[],"downstream":["OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11932-1","RHSA-2026:7098","USN-7899-1"],"duplicates":[],"related":["CGA-GMQ7-6GRV-Q939","CGA-JM48-J76J-694C","OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11932-1","USN-7899-1"]},"timeline":[{"kind":"published","date":"2025-10-16T15:32:11.651Z","label":"Published","detail":"Vulnerability first disclosed.","source":null},{"kind":"modified","date":"2026-10-15T01:02:36.901Z","label":"Last modified","detail":"Vulnerability information updated.","source":null}],"risk":{"score":32,"level":"medium","profile":"Default","thresholds":{"critical":75,"high":50,"medium":25,"low":10}},"meta":{"dataAsOf":"2026-10-19T17:42:12.831Z","stale":false,"partial":false}}