{"schemaVersion":3,"id":"CVE-2025-8747","aliases":["GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3","PYSEC-2025-75","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-8747","CGA-mcj6-frx4-rv2h","CGA-vx72-3qc9-h3q5"],"status":"published","duplicateOf":null,"title":null,"description":"A safe mode bypass vulnerability in the `Model.load_model` method in Keras versions 3.0.0 through 3.10.0 allows an attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution by convincing a user to load a specially crafted `.keras` model archive.","dates":{"published":"2025-08-11T07:21:16.619Z","modified":"2026-02-26T17:49:45.906Z","reserved":null,"kevAdded":[],"kevDue":[]},"cvss":{"headline":{"score":8.6,"severity":"high","version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:Y/R:A","computed":false,"selection":"backend-summary"},"metrics":[{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","score":8.6,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:Y/R:A","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Pypi","score":7.8,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","exploitability":4.6,"impact":9.8,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"OSV · Ubuntu","score":8.6,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:Y/R:A","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Ubuntu","score":7.8,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","exploitability":4.6,"impact":9.8,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"OSV · Chainguard","score":8.6,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/AU:Y/R:A","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":true},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"NVD","score":8.6,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:A/V:X/RE:X/U:X","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","score":7.8,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false}]},"epss":{"probability":0.00118,"percentile":0.01598,"severity":"low","asOf":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","change":{"pp":-0.0010000000000000026,"baselineDate":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","baselineScore":0.00119},"history":[{"date":"2026-09-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":0.01598}],"last30":[{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00119,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00118,"percentile":0.01598}]},"kev":{"state":"not-listed","entries":[],"listedCount":0,"totalCatalogs":3,"catalogs":[{"source":"cisa","label":"CISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"enisa","label":"ENISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"circl","label":"CIRCL","listed":false,"entry":null}]},"ransomware":{"state":"none-recorded","sources":[]},"exploits":[],"exploitCount":0,"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-502","name":"Deserialization of Untrusted Data","description":"The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.","type":"weakness","status":"Draft","abstraction":"Base","likelihoodOfExploit":"Medium","url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/502.html"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"tensorflow-cpu-jupyter","name":"tensorflow-cpu-jupyter","label":"tensorflow-cpu-jupyter","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/tensorflow-cpu-jupyter","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.19.0-r7","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.19.0-r7","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"chainguard","product":"tensorflow-gpu-jupyter","name":"tensorflow-gpu-jupyter","label":"tensorflow-gpu-jupyter","ecosystem":"Chainguard","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/chainguard/tensorflow-gpu-jupyter","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"< 2.19.0-r6","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 2.19.0-r6","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"ubuntu","product":"keras","name":"keras","label":"keras","ecosystem":"Ubuntu","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/keras","purlType":"deb","versions":[{"text":"All versions","noFixRecorded":true,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"All versions (No fix recorded)","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"google","product":"keras","name":"Keras","label":"keras","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 3.0.0, ≤ 3.10.0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 3.0.0, ≤ 3.10.0","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/google/keras"},{"vendor":"keras","product":"keras","name":"keras","label":"keras","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 3.0.0, ≤ 3.10.0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 3.0.0, ≤ 3.10.0","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/keras/keras"},{"vendor":"PyPI","product":"keras","name":"keras","label":"keras","ecosystem":"PyPI","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:pypi/keras","purlType":"pypi","versions":[{"text":"≥ 3.0.0, < 3.11.0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 3.0.0, < 3.11.0","eol":null,"hubHref":null}],"affectedCount":6,"eol":{"hasEol":false,"count":0},"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429","label":"github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429","hostname":"github.com","tags":["Patch","WEB","REPORT","FIX","Issue Tracking"]},{"url":"https://jfrog.com/blog/keras-safe_mode-bypass-vulnerability/","label":"jfrog.com/blog/keras-safe_mode-bypass-vulnerability/","hostname":"jfrog.com","tags":["Third Party Advisory","Advisory","REPORT"]},{"url":"https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3","label":"github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3","hostname":"github.com","tags":["WEB"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8747","label":"nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8747","hostname":"nvd.nist.gov","tags":["Advisory","Oval"]},{"url":"https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/713172ab56b864e59e2aa79b1a51b0e728bba858","label":"github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/713172ab56b864e59e2aa79b1a51b0e728bba858","hostname":"github.com","tags":["WEB"]},{"url":"https://github.com/keras-team/keras","label":"github.com/keras-team/keras","hostname":"github.com","tags":["PACKAGE"]},{"url":"https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/keras/PYSEC-2025-75.yaml","label":"github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/keras/PYSEC-2025-75.yaml","hostname":"github.com","tags":["WEB"]},{"url":"https://jfrog.com/blog/keras-safe_mode-bypass-vulnerability","label":"jfrog.com/blog/keras-safe_mode-bypass-vulnerability","hostname":"jfrog.com","tags":["WEB"]},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3","label":"github.com/advisories/GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3","hostname":"github.com","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-8747","label":"ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-8747","hostname":"ubuntu.com","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-8747","label":"www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-8747","hostname":"www.cve.org","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/8xxx/CVE-2025-8747.json","label":"github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/8xxx/CVE-2025-8747.json","hostname":"github.com","tags":["Advisory"]}],"lineage":{"upstream":[],"downstream":[],"duplicates":[],"related":["CGA-GX5F-5Q53-H674"]},"timeline":[{"kind":"published","date":"2025-08-11T07:21:16.619Z","label":"Published","detail":"Vulnerability first disclosed.","source":null},{"kind":"modified","date":"2026-02-26T17:49:45.906Z","label":"Last modified","detail":"Vulnerability information updated.","source":null}],"risk":{"score":34,"level":"medium","profile":"Default","thresholds":{"critical":75,"high":50,"medium":25,"low":10}},"meta":{"dataAsOf":"2026-10-20T03:34:40.466Z","stale":false,"partial":false}}