{"schemaVersion":3,"id":"CVE-2026-22781","aliases":[],"status":"published","duplicateOf":null,"title":null,"description":"TinyWeb is a web server (HTTP, HTTPS) written in Delphi for Win32. TinyWeb HTTP Server before version 1.98 is vulnerable to OS command injection via CGI ISINDEX-style query parameters. The query parameters are passed as command-line arguments to the CGI executable via Windows CreateProcess(). An unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the server by injecting Windows shell metacharacters into HTTP requests. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.98.","dates":{"published":"2026-01-12T18:23:00.512Z","modified":"2026-01-12T18:50:57.979Z","reserved":null,"kevAdded":[],"kevDue":[]},"cvss":{"headline":{"score":10,"severity":"critical","version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","computed":false,"selection":"backend-summary"},"metrics":[{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"CVE.org","score":10,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"4.0","versionLabel":"v4.0","source":"NVD","score":10,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","score":9.8,"severity":"critical","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false}]},"epss":{"probability":0.02438,"percentile":0.84073,"severity":"low","asOf":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","change":{"pp":-0.034,"baselineDate":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","baselineScore":0.02472},"history":[{"date":"2026-09-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":0.84073}],"last30":[{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02472,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.02438,"percentile":0.84073}]},"kev":{"state":"not-listed","entries":[],"listedCount":0,"totalCatalogs":3,"catalogs":[{"source":"cisa","label":"CISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"enisa","label":"ENISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"circl","label":"CIRCL","listed":false,"entry":null}]},"ransomware":{"state":"none-recorded","sources":[]},"exploits":[],"exploitCount":0,"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')","description":"The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.","type":"weakness","status":"Stable","abstraction":"Base","likelihoodOfExploit":"High","url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/78.html"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"maximmasiutin","product":"tinyweb","name":"TinyWeb","label":"tinyweb","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"< 1.98","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 1.98","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/maximmasiutin/tinyweb"},{"vendor":"ritlabs","product":"tinyweb","name":"tinyweb","label":"tinyweb","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"< 1.98","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 1.98","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/ritlabs/tinyweb"}],"affectedCount":2,"eol":{"hasEol":false,"count":0},"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/security/advisories/GHSA-m779-84h5-72q2","label":"github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/security/advisories/GHSA-m779-84h5-72q2","hostname":"github.com","tags":["X Refsource CONFIRM","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/commit/876b7e2887f4ea5be3e18bb2af7313f23a283c96","label":"github.com/maximmasiutin/TinyWeb/commit/876b7e2887f4ea5be3e18bb2af7313f23a283c96","hostname":"github.com","tags":["X Refsource MISC","Patch"]},{"url":"https://www.masiutin.net/tinyweb-cve-2025-cgi-command-injection.html","label":"www.masiutin.net/tinyweb-cve-2025-cgi-command-injection.html","hostname":"www.masiutin.net","tags":["X Refsource MISC","Third Party Advisory"]}],"lineage":{"upstream":[],"downstream":[],"duplicates":[],"related":[]},"timeline":[{"kind":"published","date":"2026-01-12T18:23:00.512Z","label":"Published","detail":"Vulnerability first disclosed.","source":null},{"kind":"modified","date":"2026-01-12T18:50:57.979Z","label":"Last modified","detail":"Vulnerability information updated.","source":null}],"risk":{"score":70,"level":"high","profile":"Default","thresholds":{"critical":75,"high":50,"medium":25,"low":10}},"meta":{"dataAsOf":"2026-10-20T17:04:43.302Z","stale":false,"partial":false}}