{"schemaVersion":3,"id":"CVE-2026-44690","aliases":["ALPINE-CVE-2026-44690","RHSA-2026:55784","UBUNTU-CVE-2026-44690","DEBIAN-CVE-2026-44690"],"status":"published","duplicateOf":null,"title":null,"description":"In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.7.0 up to and including 1.25.1, insufficient validation of the RRSIG.Labels field combined with premature cache writes during RFC 8198 aggressive NSEC processing leads to cache poisoning that permits a malicious actor controlling a single delegated zone to poison arbitrary sibling zones under NSEC-signed parent domains. A malicious actor with one registered domain under an NSEC-signed TLD can serve malicious insecure DNS responses for unrelated sibling domains (sharing the same parent zone). Arbitrary delegations that do not exist under the parent domain and are covered by the parent's NSEC chain can be brought into insecure existence by fraudulent wildcard DS records (less labels than expected, unknown algorithm) from the malicious sibling domain. This allows the malicious actor to inject insecure wildcard records for those delegations.","dates":{"published":"2026-07-22T13:06:56.684Z","modified":"2026-07-22T18:56:16.014Z","reserved":null,"kevAdded":[],"kevDue":[]},"cvss":{"headline":{"score":7.5,"severity":"high","version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"CVE.org","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","computed":false,"selection":"backend-summary"},"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"CVE.org","score":7.5,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Alpine","score":7.5,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":10,"impact":6,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Red hat","score":8.6,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":10,"impact":6.7,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Ubuntu","score":7.5,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":10,"impact":6,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"OSV · Debian","score":7.5,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":10,"impact":6,"computed":true},{"version":"3.1","versionLabel":"v3.1","source":"NVD","score":7.5,"severity":"high","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N","exploitability":null,"impact":null,"computed":false}]},"epss":{"probability":0.00153,"percentile":0.04031,"severity":"low","asOf":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","change":{"pp":0.008,"baselineDate":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","baselineScore":0.00145},"history":[{"date":"2026-09-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00153,"percentile":0.04031}],"last30":[{"date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-27T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-04T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-05T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-09T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-10T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-11T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-12T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-13T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-16T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-17T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-18T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-19T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00145,"percentile":null},{"date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00.000Z","score":0.00153,"percentile":0.04031}]},"kev":{"state":"not-listed","entries":[],"listedCount":0,"totalCatalogs":3,"catalogs":[{"source":"cisa","label":"CISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"enisa","label":"ENISA","listed":false,"entry":null},{"source":"circl","label":"CIRCL","listed":false,"entry":null}]},"ransomware":{"state":"none-recorded","sources":[]},"exploits":[],"exploitCount":0,"weaknesses":[{"id":"CWE-345","name":"Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity","description":"The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.","type":"weakness","status":"Draft","abstraction":"Class","likelihoodOfExploit":null,"url":"https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/345.html"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"alpine","product":"unbound","name":"unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":"Alpine Linux","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/unbound","purlType":"apk","versions":[{"text":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2-r0","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2-r0","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"debian","product":"unbound","name":"unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":"Debian","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:deb/debian/unbound","purlType":"deb","versions":[{"text":"All versions","noFixRecorded":true,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 1.26.1-0+deb13u1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null},{"text":"< 1.25.2-1","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"All versions (No fix recorded) | < 1.26.1-0+deb13u1 | < 1.25.2-1","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"ubuntu","product":"unbound","name":"unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":"Ubuntu","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/unbound","purlType":"deb","versions":[{"text":"All versions","noFixRecorded":true,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"All versions (No fix recorded)","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"nlnet labs","product":"unbound","name":"Unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/nlnet_labs/unbound"},{"vendor":"nlnetlabs","product":"unbound","name":"unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":null,"cpePart":"a","purl":null,"purlType":null,"versions":[{"text":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"≥ 1.7.0, < 1.25.2","eol":null,"hubHref":"/vendor/nlnetlabs/unbound"},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"python3-unbound","name":"python3-unbound","label":"python3-unbound","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python3-unbound","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"python3-unbound-debuginfo","name":"python3-unbound-debuginfo","label":"python3-unbound-debuginfo","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python3-unbound-debuginfo","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound","name":"unbound","label":"unbound","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound-debuginfo","name":"unbound-debuginfo","label":"unbound-debuginfo","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound-debuginfo","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound-debugsource","name":"unbound-debugsource","label":"unbound-debugsource","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound-debugsource","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound-devel","name":"unbound-devel","label":"unbound-devel","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound-devel","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound-libs","name":"unbound-libs","label":"unbound-libs","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound-libs","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null},{"vendor":"redhat","product":"unbound-libs-debuginfo","name":"unbound-libs-debuginfo","label":"unbound-libs-debuginfo","ecosystem":"Red Hat","cpePart":null,"purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/unbound-libs-debuginfo","purlType":"rpm","versions":[{"text":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","noFixRecorded":false,"fixedIn":null}],"versionsText":"< 0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10","eol":null,"hubHref":null}],"affectedCount":13,"eol":{"hasEol":false,"count":0},"references":[{"url":"https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-44690.txt","label":"www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-44690.txt","hostname":"www.nlnetlabs.nl","tags":["Vendor Advisory","ARTICLE"]},{"url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-44690","label":"security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"security.alpinelinux.org","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55784","label":"access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55784","hostname":"access.redhat.com","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#important","label":"access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/","hostname":"access.redhat.com","tags":["ARTICLE"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2503063","label":"bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2503063","hostname":"bugzilla.redhat.com","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_55784.json","label":"security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2026/rhsa-2026_55784.json","hostname":"security.access.redhat.com","tags":["Advisory"]},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44690","label":"access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"access.redhat.com","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44690","label":"www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"www.cve.org","tags":["Advisory","REPORT"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44690","label":"nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"nvd.nist.gov","tags":["Advisory","Oval"]},{"url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-44690","label":"ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"ubuntu.com","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://community.nlnetlabs.nl/t/unbound-1-25-2-released/3430","label":"community.nlnetlabs.nl/t/unbound-1-25-2-released/3430","hostname":"community.nlnetlabs.nl","tags":["REPORT"]},{"url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-44690","label":"security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-44690","hostname":"security-tracker.debian.org","tags":["Advisory"]}],"lineage":{"upstream":[],"downstream":["MGASA-2026-0316","MGASA-2026-0451","OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11380-1","OPENSUSE-SU-2026:21550-1","RHSA-2026:43588","RHSA-2026:55841","RHSA-2026:55892","SUSE-SU-2026:23050-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23215-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23226-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23349-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23360-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3884-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3885-1"],"duplicates":[],"related":["OPENSUSE-SU-2026:11380-1","OPENSUSE-SU-2026:21550-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23050-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23215-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23226-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23349-1","SUSE-SU-2026:23360-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3884-1","SUSE-SU-2026:3885-1"]},"timeline":[{"kind":"published","date":"2026-07-22T13:06:56.684Z","label":"Published","detail":"Vulnerability first disclosed.","source":null},{"kind":"modified","date":"2026-07-22T18:56:16.014Z","label":"Last modified","detail":"Vulnerability information updated.","source":null}],"risk":{"score":30,"level":"medium","profile":"Default","thresholds":{"critical":75,"high":50,"medium":25,"low":10}},"meta":{"dataAsOf":"2026-10-20T18:48:36.414Z","stale":false,"partial":false}}