CVE-2012-0391: Apache Struts 2 Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2012-0391 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) Code Injection vulnerability in Apache Struts 2. It is known to be exploited: CISA lists it, first on 21-01-2022. EPSS estimates a 75.60% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 99.5% of scored vulnerabilities. 5 public exploits are recorded.

Timeline

1. 08-01-2012
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 21-01-2022
   Added to CISA KEVApache Struts 2 Improper Input Validation Vulnerability
3. 21-07-2022
   CISA remediation dueApply updates per vendor instructions.
4. 22-10-2025
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

• CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.