9.8

CVE-2016-4438: apache struts Improper Input Validation

CVSS: 9.8v3.0CriticalModified
AliasesGHSA-4prj-vw9j-v6pr
Published 04-07-2016Last modified 06-08-2024
Open JSON

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2016-4438 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in apache struts. EPSS estimates a 16.74% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 97% of scored vulnerabilities.

Overall risk
70/100
0100
High · default modelHow is this calculated?
CVSS score
9.8/10
010
Critical · v3.0 (NVD)
EPSS score
16.74%
0%100%
Medium · 0.00 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedIn no KEV catalog
RansomwareNone recordedNo known use recorded
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Timeline

  1. 04-07-2016
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 06-08-2024
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

The REST plugin in Apache Struts 2 2.3.19 through 2.3.28.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted expression.

CVSS metrics

3 scores · 2 sources · 2 versions

EPSS trend

Probability

16.74%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

97%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

0.00 pp

From 16.74% on 18-09-2026

18-09-202618-10-2026
EPSS score
16.74%

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs

Not in any of the 3 tracked catalogs.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Org.apache.struts2 products
  • struts2-core≥ 2.3.19, < 2.3.29
  • struts2-rest-plugin≥ 2.3.19, < 2.3.29
Apache1 product
  • strutsEOL2.3.20 | 2.3.20.1 | 2.3.20.3 | 2.3.24 | 2.3.24.1 | 2.3.24.3 | 2.3.28

2 vendors · 3 products

References

12 links
Show all 12 references