CVE-2018-25115: d-link dir-110 OS Command Injection

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2018-25115 is a critical (CVSS 10.0) OS Command Injection vulnerability in d-link dir-110. EPSS estimates a 10.13% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 95.6% of scored vulnerabilities. 2 public exploits are recorded.

Timeline

1. 27-08-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 25-05-2026
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

Multiple D-Link DIR-series routers, including DIR-110, DIR-412, DIR-600, DIR-610, DIR-615, DIR-645, and DIR-815 firmware version 1.03, contain a vulnerability in the service.cgi endpoint that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands without authentication. The flaw stems from improper input handling in the EVENT=CHECKFW parameter, which is passed directly to the system shell without sanitization. A crafted HTTP POST request can inject commands that are executed with root privileges, resulting in full device compromise. These router models are no longer supported at the time of assignment and affected version ranges may vary. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-08-21 UTC.

• CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.