CVE-2023-25577

Aliases:GHSA-xg9f-g7g7-2323PYSEC-2023-58
Advisory lineage Upstream: 0 Downstream: 19
Modified
Published: 14 Feb 2023, 19:56
Last modified:10 Mar 2025, 21:11

Vulnerability Summary

Overall Risk (default)
medium
30/100
CVSS Score
7.5 HIGH
v3.1 (cve.org)
EPSS Score
0.37% LOW
0% probability +0.04%
KEV
Not listed
Ransomware
No reports
Public exploits
None found
Dark Web
Not detected

Timeline

14 Feb 2023, 19:56
Published
Vulnerability first disclosed
10 Mar 2025, 21:11
Last Modified
Vulnerability information updated

Description

Werkzeug is a comprehensive WSGI web application library. Prior to version 2.2.3, Werkzeug's multipart form data parser will parse an unlimited number of parts, including file parts. Parts can be a small amount of bytes, but each requires CPU time to parse and may use more memory as Python data. If a request can be made to an endpoint that accesses `request.data`, `request.form`, `request.files`, or `request.get_data(parse_form_data=False)`, it can cause unexpectedly high resource usage. This allows an attacker to cause a denial of service by sending crafted multipart data to an endpoint that will parse it. The amount of CPU time required can block worker processes from handling legitimate requests. The amount of RAM required can trigger an out of memory kill of the process. Unlimited file parts can use up memory and file handles. If many concurrent requests are sent continuously, this can exhaust or kill all available workers. Version 2.2.3 contains a patch for this issue.

CVSS Metrics

  • v3.1•HIGH•Score: 7.5CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 0.37%• Percentile: 59%

Techniques & Countermeasures

  • CWE-770•Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

    The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.

Affected Systems

  • pallets•werkzeug

    < 2.2.3

  • palletsprojects•werkzeug

    < 2.2.3

  • PyPI•werkzeug

    < 517cac5a804e8c4dc4ed038bb20dacd038e7a9f1 | < 2.2.3

References (9)