4

CVE-2023-28362: rails action pack Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

Deferred
AliasesSUSE-SU-2023:3229-1SUSE-SU-2023:3255-1UBUNTU-CVE-2023-28362
Published 09-01-2025Last modified 02-05-2025

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2023-28362 is a medium (CVSS 4.0) Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in rails action pack. EPSS estimates a 0.33% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 26.5% of scored vulnerabilities.

Priority
Routine

Not severe (CVSS 4, local access); no exploitation reported by the 5 checked sources

Source freshness unavailable

How is this decided?
CVSS score
4.0/10
010
Medium · v3.1 (CVE.org)
EPSS score
0.33%
0%100%
Low · 0.00 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedNot listed by any tracked catalog.
RansomwareNot flaggedNo ransomware use recorded.
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Advisory lineage

Upstream 0 · Downstream 3
DLA-4383-1DSA-5881-1RHSA-2023:7851

Timeline

  1. 09-01-2025
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 02-05-2025
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

The redirect_to method in Rails allows provided values to contain characters which are not legal in an HTTP header value. This results in the potential for downstream services which enforce RFC compliance on HTTP response headers to remove the assigned Location header.

CVSS metrics

5 scores · 5 sources · 1 version

EPSS trend

Probability

0.33%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

27%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

No change 0.00 pp

From 0.33% on 04-10-2026

04-10-202603-11-2026

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs
CISA KEV

Not in the CISA KEV catalog.

ENISA CNW

Not in the ENISA CNW catalog.

CIRCL

Not in the CIRCL catalog.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Version check

Known conditions: local access, no authentication, no user interaction (CVSS vector). Other conditions: not stated in public data.

Suse7 products
  • rubygem-actionpack-4_2&distro=SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 8< 4.2.9-7.18.1
  • rubygem-actionpack-4_2&distro=SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9< 4.2.9-7.18.1
  • rubygem-actionpack-5_1&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP1< 5.1.4-150000.3.18.1
  • rubygem-actionpack-5_1&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP2< 5.1.4-150000.3.18.1
  • rubygem-actionpack-5_1&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP3< 5.1.4-150000.3.18.1
Opensuse2 products
  • rubygem-actionpack-5_1&distro=openSUSE Leap 15.4< 5.1.4-150000.3.18.1
  • rubygem-actionpack-5_1&distro=openSUSE Leap 15.5< 5.1.4-150000.3.18.1
Debian1 product
  • rails< 2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1 | < 2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-1
Rails1 product
  • action pack≥ 7.0.5.1, < 7.0.5.1 | ≥ 6.1.7.4, < 6.1.7.4
RubyGems1 product
  • actionpack< 6.1.7.4 | ≥ 7.0.0, < 7.0.5.1
Ubuntu1 product
  • railsAll versions (No fix recorded)

6 vendors · 13 products

References

17 links
Show all 17 references