CVE-2023-43633: Debug Functions Unlockable Without Triggering Measured Boot

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2023-43633 is a high (CVSS 8.8) Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in lf-edge, zededa eve os. EPSS estimates a 0.17% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 6.3% of scored vulnerabilities.

Timeline

1. 21-09-2023
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 24-09-2024
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

On boot, the Pillar eve container checks for the existence and content of “/config/GlobalConfig/global.json”. If the file exists, it overrides the existing configuration on the device on boot. This allows an attacker to change the system’s configuration, which also includes some debug functions. This could be used to unlock the ssh with custom “authorized_keys” via the “debug.enable.ssh” key, similar to the “authorized_keys” finding that was noted before. Other usages include unlocking the usb to enable the keyboard via the “debug.enable.usb” key, allowing VNC access via the “app.allow.vnc” key, and more. An attacker could easily enable these debug functionalities without triggering the “measured boot” mechanism implemented by EVE OS, and without marking the device as “UUD” (“Unknown Update Detected”). This is because the “/config” partition is not protected by “measured boot”, it is mutable and it is not encrypted in any way. An attacker can gain full control over the device without changing the PCR values, thereby not triggering the “measured boot” mechanism, and having full access to the vault. Note: This issue was partially fixed in these commits (after disclosure to Zededa), where the config partition measurement was added to PCR13: • aa3501d6c57206ced222c33aea15a9169d629141 • 5fef4d92e75838cc78010edaed5247dfbdae1889. This issue was made viable in version 9.0.0 when the calculation was moved to PCR14 but it was not included in the measured boot.

• CWE-522Insufficiently Protected CredentialsThe product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
• CWE-922Insecure Storage of Sensitive InformationThe product stores sensitive information without properly limiting read or write access by unauthorized actors.