5.3

CVE-2023-45648: Apache Tomcat: Trailer header parsing too lenient

Modified
AliasesUBUNTU-CVE-2023-45648DEBIAN-CVE-2023-45648CGA-3q69-c4gr-qwgh
Published 10-10-2023Last modified 29-10-2025

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2023-45648 is a medium (CVSS 5.3) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in apache software foundation apache tomcat. EPSS estimates a 5.88% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 93.2% of scored vulnerabilities.

Priority
Routine

Not severe (CVSS 5.3, network access); no exploitation reported by the 5 checked sources

Source freshness unavailable

How is this decided?
CVSS score
5.3/10
010
Medium · v3.1 (CVE.org)
EPSS score
5.88%
0%100%
Low · +0.04 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedNot listed by any tracked catalog.
RansomwareNot flaggedNo ransomware use recorded.
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Advisory lineage

Upstream 0 · Downstream 15 · Related 6
DLA-3617-1DSA-5521-1DSA-5522-1MGASA-2023-0319OPENSUSE-SU-2024:13382-1RHSA-2023:6206

Timeline

  1. 10-10-2023
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 29-10-2025
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

CVSS metrics

6 scores · 6 sources · 1 version

EPSS trend

Probability

5.88%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

93%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

Increase +0.04 pp

From 5.85% on 04-10-2026

04-10-202603-11-2026

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs
CISA KEV

Not in the CISA KEV catalog.

ENISA CNW

Not in the ENISA CNW catalog.

CIRCL

Not in the CIRCL catalog.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Version check

Known conditions: network-reachable, no authentication, no user interaction (CVSS vector). Other conditions: not stated in public data.

Ubuntu4 products
  • tomcat6All versions (No fix recorded)
  • tomcat7All versions (No fix recorded)
  • tomcat8All versions (No fix recorded) | < 8.5.39-1ubuntu1~18.04.3+esm5
  • tomcat9< 9.0.16-3ubuntu0.18.04.2+esm4 | < 9.0.31-1ubuntu0.8 | < 9.0.58-1ubuntu0.1+esm4 | < 9.0.70-2ubuntu0.1+esm2 | < 9.0.70-2ubuntu3
Debian3 products
  • tomcat10< 10.1.6-1+deb12u1 | < 10.1.14-1
  • tomcat9< 9.0.70-2
  • debian_linuxEOL10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0
Org.apache.tomcat2 products
  • tomcat≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M12 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.14 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94
  • tomcat-coyote≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M12 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.14 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94
Apache1 product
  • tomcat≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94 | ≥ 9.0.1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 10.1.1, < 10.1.14 | 9.0.0:milestone1 | 9.0.0:milestone10 | 9.0.0:milestone11 | 9.0.0:milestone12 | 9.0.0:milestone13 | 9.0.0:milestone14 | 9.0.0:milestone15 | 9.0.0:milestone16 | 9.0.0:milestone17 | 9.0.0:milestone18 | 9.0.0:milestone19 | 9.0.0:milestone2 | 9.0.0:milestone20 | 9.0.0:milestone21 | 9.0.0:milestone22 | 9.0.0:milestone23 | 9.0.0:milestone24 | 9.0.0:milestone25 | 9.0.0:milestone26 | 9.0.0:milestone27 | 9.0.0:milestone3 | 9.0.0:milestone4 | 9.0.0:milestone5 | 9.0.0:milestone6 | 9.0.0:milestone7 | 9.0.0:milestone8 | 9.0.0:milestone9 | 10.1.0:milestone1 | 10.1.0:milestone10 | 10.1.0:milestone11 | 10.1.0:milestone12 | 10.1.0:milestone13 | 10.1.0:milestone14 | 10.1.0:milestone15 | 10.1.0:milestone16 | 10.1.0:milestone17 | 10.1.0:milestone18 | 10.1.0:milestone19 | 10.1.0:milestone2 | 10.1.0:milestone20 | 10.1.0:milestone3 | 10.1.0:milestone4 | 10.1.0:milestone5 | 10.1.0:milestone6 | 10.1.0:milestone7 | 10.1.0:milestone8 | 10.1.0:milestone9 | 11.0.0:milestone1 | 11.0.0:milestone10 | 11.0.0:milestone11 | 11.0.0:milestone2 | 11.0.0:milestone3 | 11.0.0:milestone4 | 11.0.0:milestone5 | 11.0.0:milestone6 | 11.0.0:milestone7 | 11.0.0:milestone8 | 11.0.0:milestone9
Apache software foundation1 product
  • apache tomcat≥ 11.0.0-M1, ≤ 11.0.0-M11 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, ≤ 10.1.13 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, ≤ 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, ≤ 8.5.93
Chainguard1 product
  • tomcat-8.5.87All versions (No fix recorded)
Org.apache.tomcat.embed1 product
  • tomcat-embed-core≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M12 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.14 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94

7 vendors · 13 products

References

20 links
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