CVE-2023-45648

Aliases:GHSA-r6j3-px5g-cq3xBIT-tomcat-2023-45648
Advisory lineage Upstream: 0 Downstream: 15
Modified
Published: 10 Oct 2023, 18:38
Last modified:29 Oct 2025, 12:00

Vulnerability Summary

Overall Risk (default)
medium
34/100
CVSS Score
5.3 MEDIUM
v3.1 (cve.org)
EPSS Score
62.08% CRITICAL
62% probability +61.35%
KEV
Not listed
Ransomware
No reports
Public exploits
None found
Dark Web
Not detected

Timeline

10 Oct 2023, 18:38
Published
Vulnerability first disclosed
29 Oct 2025, 12:00
Last Modified
Vulnerability information updated

Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

CVSS Metrics

  • v3.1•MEDIUM•Score: 5.3CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 62.08%• Percentile: 98%

Techniques & Countermeasures

  • CWE-20•Improper Input Validation

    The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.

Affected Systems

  • apache software foundation•apache tomcat

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, ≤ 11.0.0-M11 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, ≤ 10.1.13 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, ≤ 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, ≤ 8.5.93

  • Unknown•Tomcat

    ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94 | ≥ 9.0.1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 10.1.1, < 10.1.14 | 9.0.0:milestone1 | 9.0.0:milestone10 | 9.0.0:milestone11 | 9.0.0:milestone12 | 9.0.0:milestone13 | 9.0.0:milestone14 | 9.0.0:milestone15 | 9.0.0:milestone16 | 9.0.0:milestone17 | 9.0.0:milestone18 | 9.0.0:milestone19 | 9.0.0:milestone2 | 9.0.0:milestone20 | 9.0.0:milestone21 | 9.0.0:milestone22 | 9.0.0:milestone23 | 9.0.0:milestone24 | 9.0.0:milestone25 | 9.0.0:milestone26 | 9.0.0:milestone27 | 9.0.0:milestone3 | 9.0.0:milestone4 | 9.0.0:milestone5 | 9.0.0:milestone6 | 9.0.0:milestone7 | 9.0.0:milestone8 | 9.0.0:milestone9 | 10.1.0:milestone1 | 10.1.0:milestone10 | 10.1.0:milestone11 | 10.1.0:milestone12 | 10.1.0:milestone13 | 10.1.0:milestone14 | 10.1.0:milestone15 | 10.1.0:milestone16 | 10.1.0:milestone17 | 10.1.0:milestone18 | 10.1.0:milestone19 | 10.1.0:milestone2 | 10.1.0:milestone20 | 10.1.0:milestone3 | 10.1.0:milestone4 | 10.1.0:milestone5 | 10.1.0:milestone6 | 10.1.0:milestone7 | 10.1.0:milestone8 | 10.1.0:milestone9 | 11.0.0:milestone1 | 11.0.0:milestone10 | 11.0.0:milestone11 | 11.0.0:milestone2 | 11.0.0:milestone3 | 11.0.0:milestone4 | 11.0.0:milestone5 | 11.0.0:milestone6 | 11.0.0:milestone7 | 11.0.0:milestone8 | 11.0.0:milestone9

  • debian•debian_linux

    10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0

  • org.apache.tomcat•tomcat

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M12 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.14 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94

  • org.apache.tomcat.embed•tomcat-embed-core

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M12 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.14 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.81 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.94

References (13)