CVE-2023-46589

Aliases:GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76BIT-tomcat-2023-46589
Advisory lineage Upstream: 0 Downstream: 19
Modified
Published: 28 Nov 2023, 15:31
Last modified:29 Oct 2025, 12:00

Vulnerability Summary

Overall Risk (default)
medium
41/100
CVSS Score
7.5 HIGH
v3.1 (cve.org)
EPSS Score
53.73% CRITICAL
54% probability -2.56%
KEV
Not listed
Ransomware
No reports
Public exploits
None found
Dark Web
Not detected

Timeline

28 Nov 2023, 15:31
Published
Vulnerability first disclosed
29 Oct 2025, 12:00
Last Modified
Vulnerability information updated

Description

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.15, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.82 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.95 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A trailer header that exceeded the header size limit could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M11 onwards, 10.1.16 onwards, 9.0.83 onwards or 8.5.96 onwards, which fix the issue.

CVSS Metrics

  • v3.1•HIGH•Score: 7.5CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 53.73%• Percentile: 98%

Techniques & Countermeasures

  • CWE-444•Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

    The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

Affected Systems

  • apache software foundation•apache tomcat

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, ≤ 11.0.0-M10 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, ≤ 10.1.15 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, ≤ 9.0.82 | ≥ 8.5.0, ≤ 8.5.95

  • Unknown•Tomcat

    ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.96 | ≥ 9.0.0, < 9.0.83 | ≥ 10.1.0, < 10.1.16 | 11.0.0:milestone1 | 11.0.0:milestone10 | 11.0.0:milestone2 | 11.0.0:milestone3 | 11.0.0:milestone4 | 11.0.0:milestone5 | 11.0.0:milestone6 | 11.0.0:milestone7 | 11.0.0:milestone8 | 11.0.0:milestone9

  • org.apache.tomcat•tomcat-catalina

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M11 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.16 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.83 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.96

  • org.apache.tomcat.embed•tomcat-embed-core

    ≥ 11.0.0-M1, < 11.0.0-M11 | ≥ 10.1.0-M1, < 10.1.16 | ≥ 9.0.0-M1, < 9.0.83 | ≥ 8.5.0, < 8.5.96

References (16)