CVE-2023-52928: bpf: Skip invalid kfunc call in backtrack_insn
Vulnerability summary
CVE-2023-52928 is a medium (CVSS 5.5) vulnerability in linux. EPSS estimates a 0.25% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 16.4% of scored vulnerabilities.
Not severe (CVSS 5.5, local access); no exploitation reported by the 5 checked sources
Source freshness unavailable
How is this decided?Advisory lineage
Upstream 0 · Downstream 3 · Related 2Timeline
- 27-03-2025PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
- 11-05-2026Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Skip invalid kfunc call in backtrack_insn The verifier skips invalid kfunc call in check_kfunc_call(), which would be captured in fixup_kfunc_call() if such insn is not eliminated by dead code elimination. However, this can lead to the following warning in backtrack_insn(), also see [1]: ------------[ cut here ]------------ verifier backtracking bug WARNING: CPU: 6 PID: 8646 at kernel/bpf/verifier.c:2756 backtrack_insn kernel/bpf/verifier.c:2756 __mark_chain_precision kernel/bpf/verifier.c:3065 mark_chain_precision kernel/bpf/verifier.c:3165 adjust_reg_min_max_vals kernel/bpf/verifier.c:10715 check_alu_op kernel/bpf/verifier.c:10928 do_check kernel/bpf/verifier.c:13821 [inline] do_check_common kernel/bpf/verifier.c:16289 [...] So make backtracking conservative with this by returning ENOTSUPP. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CACkBjsaXNceR8ZjkLG=dT3P=4A8SBsg0Z5h5PWLryF5=ghKq=g@mail.gmail.com/
CVSS metrics
4 scores · 3 sources · 2 versions- OSV · UbuntuEcosystem advisory · calculated5.5MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- OSV · DebianEcosystem advisory · calculated5.5MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS trend
Probability
0.25%
Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days
Percentile
16%
Versus all other CVEs
30-day change
Increase +0.01 pp
From 0.24% on 04-10-2026
Known exploited
Compare KEV catalogsNot in the CISA KEV catalog.
Not in the ENISA CNW catalog.
Not in the CIRCL catalog.
Public exploits
0 foundNo public exploits indexed.
Weaknesses
CWE · root causeNo weakness data has been published for this record.
Affected systems
Known conditions: local access, low-privilege account, no user interaction (CVSS vector). Other conditions: not stated in public data.
Ubuntu114 products
- linuxAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 5.15.0-72.79
- linux-allwinner-5.19All versions (No fix recorded)
- linux-awsAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 5.15.0-1036.40
- linux-aws-5.0All versions (No fix recorded)
- linux-aws-5.11All versions (No fix recorded)
Linux2 products
- linux≥ e6ac2450d6dee3121cd8bbf2907b78a68a8a353d, < 6e2fac197de2c4c041bdd8982cffb104689113f1 | ≥ e6ac2450d6dee3121cd8bbf2907b78a68a8a353d, < 74eec8266f37aff609db6a2f2b093e56a11c28c4 | ≥ e6ac2450d6dee3121cd8bbf2907b78a68a8a353d, < d3178e8a434b58678d99257c0387810a24042fb6 | 5.13
- linux_kernel≥ 5.13, < 5.15.93 | ≥ 5.16, < 6.1.11 | 6.2:rc1 | 6.2:rc2 | 6.2:rc3 | 6.2:rc4
Debian1 product
- linux< 6.1.11-1
3 vendors · 117 products