CVE-2025-10148

Description

curl's WebSocket code did not update the 32-bit mask pattern for each new outgoing frame as the specification says. Instead it used a fixed mask that persisted and was used throughout the entire connection. A predictable mask pattern allows for a malicious server to induce traffic between the two communicating parties that could be interpreted by an involved proxy (configured or transparent) as genuine, real, HTTP traffic with content and thereby poison its cache. That cached poisoned content could then be served to all users of that proxy.

CVSS Metrics

• v3.1•MEDIUM•Score: 5.3CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 0.50%• Percentile: 42%

Techniques & Countermeasures

• CWE-340•Generation of Predictable Numbers or Identifiers

  The product uses a scheme that generates numbers or identifiers that are more predictable than required.

Affected Systems

• alpine•curl

  ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.14.1-r2 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.14.1-r2 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.14.1-r2 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.14.1-r2 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.16.0-r0 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.16.0-r0

• curl•curl

  8.15.0 | 8.14.1 | 8.14.0 | 8.13.0 | 8.12.1 | 8.12.0 | 8.11.1 | 8.11.0 | ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.14.2 | ≥ 8.15.0, < 8.16.0 | ≥ d78e129d50b2d190f1c1bde2ad1f62f02f152db0, < 84db7a9eae8468c0445b15aa806fa7fa806fa0f2 | 8.15.0 | 8.14.1 | 8.14.0 | 8.13.0 | 8.12.1 | 8.12.0 | 8.11.1 | 8.11.0

• debian•curl

  < 7.88.1-10+deb12u15 | < 8.14.1-2+deb13u1 | < 8.16.0-1

• haxx•curl

  ≥ 8.11.0, < 8.16.0

References (8)

• https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-10148.json
• https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-10148.html
• https://hackerone.com/reports/3330839
• http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/10/2
• http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/10/3
• http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/10/4
• https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-10148
• https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-10148