7.5

CVE-2025-12044: hashicorp vault

CVSS: 7.5v3.1HighAnalyzed
AliasesCGA-6qxf-rcv7-jhvrCGA-7w92-rqmq-889mGHSA-vp5w-xcfc-73wf
Published 23-10-2025Last modified 23-10-2025
Open JSON

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-12044 is a high (CVSS 7.5) vulnerability in hashicorp vault. EPSS estimates a 0.53% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 43.7% of scored vulnerabilities.

Overall risk
30/100
0100
Medium · default modelHow is this calculated?
CVSS score
7.5/10
010
High · v3.1 (CVE.org)
EPSS score
0.53%
0%100%
Low · 0.00 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedIn no KEV catalog
RansomwareNone recordedNo known use recorded
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Advisory lineage

Upstream 0 · Downstream 2 · Related 3
OPENSUSE-SU-2025:15710-1OPENSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1CGA-WXJ8-62J7-P5VH

Timeline

  1. 23-10-2025
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 23-10-2025
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

CVSS metrics

5 scores · 5 sources · 1 version

EPSS trend

Probability

0.53%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

44%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

0.00 pp

From 0.53% on 19-09-2026

19-09-202619-10-2026
EPSS score
0.53%

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs

Not in any of the 3 tracked catalogs.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Chainguard8 products
  • splunk-otel-collector< 0.139.2-r0
  • splunk-otel-collector-fips< 0.139.2-r0
  • vault-1.16All versions (No fix recorded)
  • vault-1.17All versions (No fix recorded)
  • vault-1.18All versions (No fix recorded)
Hashicorp2 products
  • vault≥ 1.16.25, < 1.16.27 | ≥ 1.18.14, ≤ 1.18.15 | ≥ 1.19.9, ≤ 1.19.11 | ≥ 1.20.3, < 1.20.5 | ≥ 1.20.3, < 1.21.0
  • vault enterprise≥ 1.20.3, < 1.21.0 | ≥ 1.19.9, < 1.19.11 | ≥ 1.18.14, < 1.18.15 | ≥ 1.16.25, < 1.16.27
Github.com/hashicorp1 product
  • vault≥ 1.20.3, < 1.21.0
Wolfi1 product
  • splunk-otel-collector< 0.139.2-r0

4 vendors · 12 products

References

7 links