CVE-2025-23167

Description

A flaw in Node.js 20's HTTP parser allows improper termination of HTTP/1 headers using `\r\n\rX` instead of the required `\r\n\r\n`. This inconsistency enables request smuggling, allowing attackers to bypass proxy-based access controls and submit unauthorized requests. The issue was resolved by upgrading `llhttp` to version 9, which enforces correct header termination. Impact: * This vulnerability affects only Node.js 20.x users prior to the `llhttp` v9 upgrade.

CVSS Metrics

• v3.0•MEDIUM•Score: 6.5CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 0.51%• Percentile: 42%

Techniques & Countermeasures

• CWE-444•Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

  The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

Affected Systems

• chainguard•nodejs-16

  < 16.20.2-r15

• chainguard•nodejs-18

  < 0

• wolfi•nodejs-16

  < 16.20.2-r15

• wolfi•nodejs-18

  < 0

• debian•node-undici

  all | all | < 7.15.0+dfsg+~cs3.2.0-1

• nodejs•node

  ≥ 4.0, < 4.* | ≥ 5.0, < 5.* | ≥ 6.0, < 6.* | ≥ 7.0, < 7.* | ≥ 8.0, < 8.* | ≥ 9.0, < 9.* | ≥ 10.0, < 10.* | ≥ 11.0, < 11.* | ≥ 12.0, < 12.* | ≥ 13.0, < 13.* | ≥ 14.0, < 14.* | ≥ 15.0, < 15.* | ≥ 16.0, < 16.* | ≥ 17.0, < 17.* | ≥ 18.0, < 18.* | ≥ 19.0, < 19.* | ≥ 20.0, ≤ 20.19.1

References (2)

• https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/may-2025-security-releases
• https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-23167