CVE-2025-48936: zitadel Open Redirect

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-48936 is a high (CVSS 8.8) Open Redirect vulnerability in zitadel. EPSS estimates a 0.39% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 32% of scored vulnerabilities.

Timeline

1. 30-05-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 30-05-2025
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. Prior to versions 2.70.12, 2.71.10, and 3.2.2, a potential vulnerability exists in the password reset mechanism. ZITADEL utilizes the Forwarded or X-Forwarded-Host header from incoming requests to construct the URL for the password reset confirmation link. This link, containing a secret code, is then emailed to the user. If an attacker can manipulate these headers (e.g., via host header injection), they could cause ZITADEL to generate a password reset link pointing to a malicious domain controlled by the attacker. If the user clicks this manipulated link in the email, the secret reset code embedded in the URL can be captured by the attacker. This captured code could then be used to reset the user's password and gain unauthorized access to their account. This specific attack vector is mitigated for accounts that have Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) or Passwordless authentication enabled. This issue has been patched in versions 2.70.12, 2.71.10, and 3.2.2.

• CWE-601URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
• CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.