CVE-2025-52886: freedesktop poppler Use After Free

CVSS: 5.9v3.1MediumModified

AliasesMGASA-2025-0214SUSE-SU-2025:02317-1SUSE-SU-2025:02318-1+7 more

Published 02-07-2025Last modified 04-11-2025

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-52886 is a medium (CVSS 5.9) Use After Free vulnerability in freedesktop poppler. EPSS estimates a 0.45% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 37.4% of scored vulnerabilities. 2 public exploits are recorded.

Overall risk

34/100

0100

Medium · default modelHow is this calculated?

CVSS score

5.9/10

010

Medium · v3.1 (NVD)

EPSS score

0.45%

0%100%

Low · +0.05 pp in 30 days

KEVNot listedIn no KEV catalog

RansomwareNone recordedNo known use recorded

Public exploits2github, reference

Advisory lineage

Upstream 0 · Downstream 1 · Related 1

USN-7687-1

Timeline

02-07-2025
PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
04-11-2025
Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

Poppler is a PDF rendering library. Versions prior to 25.06.0 use `std::atomic_int` for reference counting. Because `std::atomic_int` is only 32 bits, it is possible to overflow the reference count and trigger a use-after-free. Version 25.06.0 patches the issue.

CVSS metrics

6 scores · 4 sources · 2 versions

v4.05.5v3.15.9

EPSS trend

Probability

0.45%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

37%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

+0.05 pp

From 0.39% on 19-09-2026

19-09-202619-10-2026

EPSS score

0.45%

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs

Not in any of the 3 tracked catalogs.

Public exploits

2 found

githubUnverified
Ghsl 2025 054 Poppler
Maturity: poc
referenceUnverified
Exploit Reference (gitlab.freedesktop.org)
Maturity: unknown

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

CWE-416Use After FreeThe product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

Affected systems

Suse26 products

poppler-qt5&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler-qt5&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler-qt6&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler-qt6&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler-qt&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS< 0.43.0-16.58.2

poppler-qt&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5< 0.43.0-16.58.2
poppler&distro=SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS< 23.01.0-150500.3.20.1 | < 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS< 23.01.0-150500.3.20.1 | < 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS< 0.43.0-16.58.2
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS< 23.01.0-150500.3.20.1 | < 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5< 23.01.0-150500.3.20.1 | < 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5< 0.43.0-16.58.2
poppler&distro=SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1
poppler&distro=SUSE Manager Server 4.3< 0.79.0-150200.3.41.1 | < 22.01.0-150400.3.31.1

Show all 26

Opensuse4 products

poppler-qt5&distro=openSUSE Leap 15.6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler-qt6&distro=openSUSE Leap 15.6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=openSUSE Leap 15.6< 24.03.0-150600.3.16.1
poppler&distro=openSUSE Tumbleweed< 25.06.0-1.1

Debian1 product

poppler< 22.12.0-2+deb12u3 | < 25.03.0-5

Freedesktop1 product

poppler< 25.06.0

Mageia1 product

poppler< 23.02.0-1.7.mga9

Poppler1 product

poppler< 25.06.0

Ubuntu1 product

poppler< 0.41.0-0ubuntu1.16+esm7 | < 0.62.0-2ubuntu2.14+esm7 | < 0.86.1-0ubuntu1.7+esm1 | < 22.02.0-2ubuntu0.9 | < 24.02.0-1ubuntu9.5

7 vendors · 35 products

References

22 links

securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2025-054_poppler/X Refsource CONFIRMREPORTExploitThird Party Advisory
gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/04bd91684ed41d67ae0f10cde0660e4ed74ac203X Refsource MISCPatch
gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/commit/ac36affcc8486de38e8905a8d6547a3464ff46e5X Refsource MISCPatch
gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/issues/1581X Refsource MISCExploitIssue TrackingVendor Advisory
gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1828X Refsource MISCREPORTProduct
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/5
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/12/1
advisories.mageia.org/MGASA-2025-0214.htmlAdvisory
bugs.mageia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=34485REPORT
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/5WEB

Show all 22 references

Vulnerability summary

Advisory lineage

Timeline

Description

CVSS metrics

EPSS trend

Known exploited

Public exploits

Weaknesses

Affected systems

References

Related vulnerabilities