CVE-2025-54123

Aliases:GHSA-r4h8-hfp2-ggmfGO-2025-3944
Advisory lineage Upstream: 0 Downstream: 2
Analyzed
Published: 10 Sept 2025, 18:41
Last modified:10 Sept 2025, 19:48

Vulnerability Summary

Overall Risk (default)
high
70/100
CVSS Score
9.8 CRITICAL
v3.1 (cve.org)
EPSS Score
50.93% CRITICAL
51% probability +10.45%
KEV
Not listed
Ransomware
No reports
Public exploits
1 found
Dark Web
Not detected

Timeline

10 Sept 2025, 18:41
Published
Vulnerability first disclosed
10 Sept 2025, 19:48
Last Modified
Vulnerability information updated

Description

Hoverfly is an open source API simulation tool. In versions 1.11.3 and prior, the middleware functionality in Hoverfly is vulnerable to command injection vulnerability at `/api/v2/hoverfly/middleware` endpoint due to insufficient validation and sanitization in user input. The vulnerability exists in the middleware management API endpoint `/api/v2/hoverfly/middleware`. This issue is born due to combination of three code level flaws: Insufficient Input Validation in middleware.go line 94-96; Unsafe Command Execution in local_middleware.go line 14-19; and Immediate Execution During Testing in hoverfly_service.go line 173. This allows an attacker to gain remote code execution (RCE) on any system running the vulnerable Hoverfly service. Since the input is directly passed to system commands without proper checks, an attacker can upload a malicious payload or directly execute arbitrary commands (including reverse shells) on the host server with the privileges of the Hoverfly process. Commit 17e60a9bc78826deb4b782dca1c1abd3dbe60d40 in version 1.12.0 disables the set middleware API by default, and subsequent changes to documentation make users aware of the security changes of exposing the set middleware API.

CVSS Metrics

  • v3.1•CRITICAL•Score: 9.8CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 50.93%• Percentile: 98%

Techniques & Countermeasures

  • CWE-20•Improper Input Validation

    The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.

  • CWE-78•Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

    The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.

Affected Systems

  • github.com/SpectoLabs•hoverfly

    ≤ 1.11.3 | all

  • hoverfly•hoverfly

    < 1.12.0

  • spectolabs•hoverfly

    ≤ 1.11.3

References (9)