CVE-2025-54424: 1Panel Agent Bypasses Certificate Verification Leading to Arbitrary Command Execution

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-54424 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) vulnerability in 1panel-dev 1panel. EPSS estimates a 1.09% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 65.4% of scored vulnerabilities. 1 public exploit is recorded.

Timeline

1. 01-08-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 04-08-2025
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

1Panel is a web interface and MCP Server that manages websites, files, containers, databases, and LLMs on a Linux server. In versions 2.0.5 and below, the HTTPS protocol used for communication between the Core and Agent endpoints has incomplete certificate verification during certificate validation, leading to unauthorized interface access. Due to the presence of numerous command execution or high-privilege interfaces in 1Panel, this results in Remote Code Execution (RCE). This is fixed in version 2.0.6. The CVE has been translated from Simplified Chinese using GitHub Copilot.

• CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a CommandThe product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.