CVE-2025-54941: apache software foundation apache airflow OS Command Injection

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-54941 is a medium (CVSS 4.6) OS Command Injection vulnerability in apache software foundation apache airflow. EPSS estimates a 0.49% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 40.8% of scored vulnerabilities.

Timeline

1. 30-10-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 26-02-2026
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

An example dag `example_dag_decorator` had non-validated parameter that allowed the UI user to redirect the example to a malicious server and execute code on worker. This however required that the example dags are enabled in production (not default) or the example dag code copied to build your own similar dag. If you used the `example_dag_decorator` please review it and apply the changes implemented in Airflow 3.0.5 accordingly.

• CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.