CVE-2025-55130

Advisory lineage Upstream: 0 Downstream: 32
Analyzed
Published: 20 Jan 2026, 20:41
Last modified:15 Jul 2026, 01:26

Vulnerability Summary

Overall Risk (default)
high
70/100
CVSS Score
9.1 CRITICAL
v3.1 (nvd)
EPSS Score
1.63% LOW
2% probability +1.62%
KEV
Not listed
Ransomware
No reports
Public exploits
None found
Dark Web
Not detected

Timeline

20 Jan 2026, 20:41
Published
Vulnerability first disclosed
15 Jul 2026, 01:26
Last Modified
Vulnerability information updated

Description

A flaw in Node.js’s Permissions model allows attackers to bypass `--allow-fs-read` and `--allow-fs-write` restrictions using crafted relative symlink paths. By chaining directories and symlinks, a script granted access only to the current directory can escape the allowed path and read sensitive files. This breaks the expected isolation guarantees and enables arbitrary file read/write, leading to potential system compromise. This vulnerability affects users of the permission model on Node.js v20, v22, v24, and v25.

CVSS Metrics

  • v3.1•HIGH•Score: 7.1CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
  • v3.1•CRITICAL•Score: 9.1CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
  • v3.0•HIGH•Score: 7.1CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

EPSS Trends

Current EPSS score: 1.63%• Percentile: 73%

Techniques & Countermeasures

  • CWE-289•Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name

    The product performs authentication based on the name of a resource being accessed, or the name of the actor performing the access, but it does not properly check all possible names for that resource or actor.

  • CWE-281•Improper Preservation of Permissions

    The product does not preserve permissions or incorrectly preserves permissions when copying, restoring, or sharing objects, which can cause them to have less restrictive permissions than intended.

Affected Systems

  • nodejs•node

    20.19.6 | 22.21.1 | 24.12.0 | 25.2.1

  • nodejs•node.js

    ≥ 20.0.0, < 20.20.0 | ≥ 22.0.0, < 22.22.0 | ≥ 24.0.0, < 24.13.0 | ≥ 25.0.0, < 25.3.0

References (20)