CVE-2025-55130: nodejs node Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name
Vulnerability summary
CVE-2025-55130 is a critical (CVSS 9.1) Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name vulnerability in nodejs node. EPSS estimates a 1.70% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 77.2% of scored vulnerabilities.
Not severe (CVSS 7.1, local access); no exploitation reported by the 5 checked sources
Source freshness unavailable
How is this decided?Advisory lineage
Upstream 0 · Downstream 29 · Related 10Timeline
- 20-01-2026PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
- 15-07-2026Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.
Description
A flaw in Node.js’s Permissions model allows attackers to bypass `--allow-fs-read` and `--allow-fs-write` restrictions using crafted relative symlink paths. By chaining directories and symlinks, a script granted access only to the current directory can escape the allowed path and read sensitive files. This breaks the expected isolation guarantees and enables arbitrary file read/write, leading to potential system compromise. This vulnerability affects users of the permission model on Node.js v20, v22, v24, and v25.
CVSS metrics
10 scores · 7 sources · 2 versions- CVE.orgCNA7.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:NDiffers
- OSV · AlpineEcosystem advisory · calculated9.1CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- OSV · UbuntuEcosystem advisory · calculated9.1CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- OSV · DebianEcosystem advisory · calculated9.1CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- OSV · WolfiEcosystem advisory · calculated7.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:NDiffers
- OSV · ChainguardEcosystem advisory · calculated7.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:NDiffers
- OSV · UbuntuEcosystem advisory · calculated7.1HighCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
- NVDNIST7.1HighCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS trend
Probability
1.70%
Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days
Percentile
77%
Versus all other CVEs
30-day change
Decrease -0.03 pp
From 1.72% on 04-10-2026
Known exploited
Compare KEV catalogs
CISA KEVNot in the CISA KEV catalog.
ENISA CNWNot in the ENISA CNW catalog.
CIRCLNot in the CIRCL catalog.
Public exploits
0 foundNo public exploits indexed.
Weaknesses
CWE · root cause- CWE-289Authentication Bypass by Alternate NameThe product performs authentication based on the name of a resource being accessed, or the name of the actor performing the access, but it does not properly check all possible names for that resource or actor.
- CWE-281Improper Preservation of PermissionsThe product does not preserve permissions or incorrectly preserves permissions when copying, restoring, or sharing objects, which can cause them to have less restrictive permissions than intended.
Affected systems
Known conditions: local access, low-privilege account, no user interaction (CVSS vector). Other conditions: not stated in public data.
Chainguard11 products
- eco-nodejs-20.9.0All versions (No fix recorded)
- eco-nodejs-22.16.0All versions (No fix recorded)
- nodejs-20< 20.20.0-r0
- nodejs-20-doc< 20.20.0-r0
- nodejs-21All versions (No fix recorded)
Wolfi9 products
- nodejs-20< 20.20.0-r0
- nodejs-20-doc< 20.20.0-r0
- nodejs-21All versions (No fix recorded)
- nodejs-22< 22.22.0-r0
- nodejs-22-doc< 22.22.0-r0
Nodejs2 products
Alpine1 product
- nodejs< 22.22.2-r0 | < 22.22.0-r0 | < 24.13.0-r0
Debian1 product
- nodejs< 20.19.2+dfsg-1+deb13u1 | < 22.22.0+dfsg+~cs22.19.6-1
Ubuntu1 product
- nodejsAll versions (No fix recorded)
6 vendors · 25 products
