CVE-2025-55583: dlink dir-868l_firmware OS Command Injection

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-55583 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) OS Command Injection vulnerability in dlink dir-868l_firmware. EPSS estimates a 6.97% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 94% of scored vulnerabilities. 1 public exploit is recorded.

Timeline

1. 28-08-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 28-08-2025
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

D-Link DIR-868L B1 router firmware version FW2.05WWB02 contains an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the fileaccess.cgi component. The endpoint /dws/api/UploadFile accepts a pre_api_arg parameter that is passed directly to system-level shell execution functions without sanitization or authentication. Remote attackers can exploit this to execute arbitrary commands as root via crafted HTTP requests.

• CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.
• CWE-306Missing Authentication for Critical FunctionThe product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
• CWE-668Exposure of Resource to Wrong SphereThe product exposes a resource to the wrong control sphere, providing unintended actors with inappropriate access to the resource.