8.2

CVE-2025-9408: zephyrproject-rtos zephyr Privilege Context Switching Error

CVSS: 8.2v3.1HighDeferred
Published 11-11-2025Last modified 13-10-2026
Open JSON

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-9408 is a high (CVSS 8.2) Privilege Context Switching Error vulnerability in zephyrproject-rtos zephyr. EPSS estimates a 0.12% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 1.8% of scored vulnerabilities.

Overall risk
33/100
0100
Medium · default modelHow is this calculated?
CVSS score
8.2/10
010
High · v3.1 (CVE.org)
EPSS score
0.12%
0%100%
Low · +0.01 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedIn no KEV catalog
RansomwareNone recordedNo known use recorded
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Timeline

  1. 11-11-2025
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 13-10-2026
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

System call entry on Cortex M (and possibly R and A, but I think not) has a race which allows very practical privilege escalation for malicious userspace processes.

CVSS metrics

2 scores · 2 sources · 1 version

EPSS trend

Probability

0.12%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

2%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

+0.01 pp

From 0.11% on 21-09-2026

21-09-202621-10-2026
EPSS score
0.12%

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs

Not in any of the 3 tracked catalogs.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Zephyrproject-rtos1 product
  • zephyr< 3.7.2 | ≥ 4.0.0, < 4.2.2

1 vendor · 1 product

References

1 links