CVE-2026-112894: Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)
Vulnerability summary
CVE-2026-112894 is a high (CVSS 8.7) Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in python-pillow pillow. EPSS estimates a 0.59% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 48.4% of scored vulnerabilities. 1 public exploit is recorded.
Public exploit (GitHub, Date unknown)
Source freshness unavailable
How is this decided?Advisory lineage
Upstream 0 · Downstream 2 · Related 2Timeline
- 19-10-2026PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
- 20-10-2026Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.
Description
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifiers for every object. An attacker can supply a multi-frame image, including a small APNG with a large declared frame count, to an application that converts it to a multipage PDF. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
CVSS metrics
9 scores · 7 sources · 2 versions- NVDNIST8.7HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- OSV · PypiEcosystem advisory · calculated8.7HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- OSV · ChainguardEcosystem advisory · calculated8.7HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- OSV · WolfiEcosystem advisory · calculated8.7HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- OSV · UbuntuEcosystem advisory · calculated8.7HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- OSV · DebianEcosystem advisory · calculated7.5HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- OSV · UbuntuEcosystem advisory · calculated7.5HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS trend
Probability
0.59%
Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days
Percentile
48%
Versus all other CVEs
30-day change
Change unavailable
Change unavailable
Known exploited
Compare KEV catalogs
CISA KEVNot in the CISA KEV catalog.
ENISA CNWNot in the ENISA CNW catalog.
CIRCLNot in the CIRCL catalog.
Public exploits
1 foundPillow
Maturity: poc
Weaknesses
CWE · root causeAffected systems
Known conditions: network-reachable, no authentication, no user interaction (CVSS vector). Other conditions: not stated in public data.
Chainguard25 products
- apache-beam-python-3.12-sdkAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 2.77.0-r5
- mlflowAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 3.17.2-r2
- mlflow-fipsAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 3.17.2-r3
- nemo-gym< 0.5.0_rc0_git20260729-r6
- nemo-rl-cuda-13.0All versions (No fix recorded)
Wolfi6 products
- mlflowAll versions (No fix recorded)
- open-webuiAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 0.12.3-r6
- py3.10-pillowAll versions (No fix recorded)
- py3.11-pillowAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 13.0.0-r0
- py3.12-pillowAll versions (No fix recorded) | < 13.0.0-r0
Ubuntu2 products
- pillowAll versions (No fix recorded)
- pillow-python2All versions (No fix recorded)
Debian1 product
- pillowAll versions (No fix recorded)
PyPI1 product
- pillow≥ 5.1.0, < 13.0.0
Python1 product
- pillow≥ 5.1.0, < 13.0.0
Python-pillow1 product
- pillow≥ 5.1.0, < 13.0.0
7 vendors · 37 products
References
9 links- github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpmX Refsource CONFIRMWEBAdvisoryREPORTExploitPatchVendor Advisory
- github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6a852555f1a1bdff7781abf25f1a3b8bd6ce6cbX Refsource MISCWEBFIXPatch
