9.9

CVE-2026-40453: apache software foundation apache camel coap Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity

CVSS: 9.9v3.1CriticalModified
AliasesCGA-56fh-vc57-59hxCGA-9pjg-3v4r-3m7jCGA-g8hf-qvcp-m9j2
Published 27-04-2026Last modified 15-07-2026
Open JSON

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2026-40453 is a critical (CVSS 9.9) Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in apache software foundation apache camel coap. EPSS estimates a 1.89% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 79.2% of scored vulnerabilities.

Overall risk
70/100
0100
High · default modelHow is this calculated?
CVSS score
9.9/10
010
Critical · v3.1 (CVE.org)
EPSS score
1.89%
0%100%
Low · +0.33 pp in 30 days
KEVNot listedIn no KEV catalog
RansomwareNone recordedNo known use recorded
Public exploits0No public exploits recorded

Advisory lineage

Upstream 0 · Downstream 0 · Related 1
CGA-W2XX-49MV-CW78

Timeline

  1. 27-04-2026
    PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
  2. 15-07-2026
    Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components. This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2.

CVSS metrics

4 scores · 4 sources · 1 version

EPSS trend

Probability

1.89%

Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Percentile

79%

Versus all other CVEs

30-day change

+0.33 pp

From 1.56% on 18-09-2026

18-09-202618-10-2026
EPSS score
1.89%

Known exploited

Compare KEV catalogs

Not in any of the 3 tracked catalogs.

Public exploits

0 found

No public exploits indexed.

Weaknesses

CWE · root cause

Affected systems

Chainguard4 products
  • apache-activemq-6.1< 6.1.8-r4
  • apache-activemq-6.2< 6.2.5-r5
  • apache-activemq-fips-6.1< 6.1.8-r6
  • apache-activemq-fips-6.2< 6.2.5-r3
Org.apache.camel4 products
  • camel-coap≥ 3.0.0, < 4.14.6 | ≥ 4.15.0, < 4.18.2 | ≥ 4.19.0, < 4.20.0
  • camel-google-pubsub≥ 3.0.0, < 4.14.6 | ≥ 4.15.0, < 4.18.2 | ≥ 4.19.0, < 4.20.0
  • camel-jms≥ 3.0.0, < 4.14.6 | ≥ 4.15.0, < 4.18.2 | ≥ 4.19.0, < 4.20.0
  • camel-sjms≥ 3.0.0, < 4.14.6 | ≥ 4.15.0, < 4.18.2 | ≥ 4.19.0, < 4.20.0
Apache software foundation3 products
Apache1 product
  • camelEOL≥ 3.0.0, < 4.14.6 | ≥ 4.15.0, < 4.18.2 | 4.19.0

4 vendors · 12 products

References

17 links
Show all 17 references