CVE-2026-50144: ncnn: Out-of-bounds heap write in ParamDict::load_param via unchecked negative parameter id

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2026-50144 is a high (CVSS 7.1) Improper Input Validation vulnerability in tencent ncnn. EPSS estimates a 0.16% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 5.3% of scored vulnerabilities.

Timeline

1. 15-07-2026
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 17-07-2026
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform. In commit e54f7b1f88434e1d844ea0551b880a1cfb079ce1 and earlier, ncnn allows an out-of-bounds heap write in ncnn::ParamDict::load_param() when Net::load_param() loads a malicious .param model file because the parsed parameter id is checked only against id >= NCNN_MAX_PARAM_COUNT, allowing a negative id to index before the params[NCNN_MAX_PARAM_COUNT] array. This vulnerability is fixed by commit 5a0288f255daa6c3294f77109f67718e434ec020.

• CWE-20Improper Input ValidationThe product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.
• CWE-129Improper Validation of Array IndexThe product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
• CWE-787Out-of-bounds WriteThe product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.