CVE-2025-1125: gnu grub2 Out-of-bounds Write

Vulnerability summary

CVE-2025-1125 is a high (CVSS 7.8) Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in gnu grub2. EPSS estimates a 0.44% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 36.5% of scored vulnerabilities.

Timeline

1. 03-03-2025
   PublishedVulnerability first disclosed.
2. 29-06-2026
   Last modifiedVulnerability information updated.

Description

When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem metadata to calculate the internal buffers size, however it misses to properly check for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculation to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result the hfsplus_open_compressed_real() function will write past of the internal buffer length. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.

• CWE-787Out-of-bounds WriteThe product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.